areone

=八面玲珑= 职务:观察员 积分:1739 贴数:1093
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日期:2008-1-12 22:39:31
留言区是网站管理员与用户建立良好沟通和交流的途径。但是,正如很多人所看到的,留言区被很多作弊者(spammer) 利用,大量的粘帖他们自己网站的链接。还有一些人,利用脚本文件和程序自动生成大量毫无意义的垃圾评论。在Google, 我们正在努力抵消这种恶意行为对搜索结果带来的负面影响。以下的几点建议会帮助你更好地防范自己的网站或者博客上面出现垃圾评论:
只有在需要时才使用留言板功能
在开启留言板功能之前,先考虑网站是否真正需要这个功能。如果留言板功能不是必需的,或者是以后不能定期检查和管理留言板的状况,那么就应该不使用留言 板。如果你已经有了一个留言簿,检查一下它是不是真的对用户有帮助,用户有没有恰当地使用它。如果都没有的话,看看有没有什么方法可以改进留言簿/评论区的功能,或者干脆删除它。大量的垃圾留言会大大影响用户对你的网站的印象。大多数的博客软件都可以让你关闭其他人对你的博客日志的评论。
使用反垃圾留言工具
很多建站工具,特别是博客工具,都会有一个功能让用户输入验证码,来保证他们是真正的用户,而不是讨厌的制造垃圾的引擎。你一定见到过这样的工具:用户看到一个扭曲的图像或者验证码, 然后系统要求用户键入他们在图像中看到的字母或者数字。这是阻止垃圾留言的一个有效的手段。这个方法可能会减少用户随心所欲的留言,不过它确实能够提高留言质量。在 Wordpress 的官方网站上,有关于这类插件和反垃圾工具的很好的介绍。
对评论进行审核
对留言进行审核意 味着所有留言都必须经过人工审核和批准之后才可以出现在你的网站上。这也意味着,你必须要花更多的时间在监督和管理你的留言板,不过这样做会最终提高浏 览你的网站的用户体验。当你经常性地发表一些有争议的话题而使你的读者变得很激动时,评论审核对你的网站尤其有帮助。通常这是在你的博客 软件的设置里面,“评论” 的菜单下面。
使用 "nofollow" 标签
“nofollow” 标签是谷歌、雅虎和微软公司前几年一起提出的一个新标签,这一标签已被广泛接受。对于已经被标注 “nofollow” 标签的连接,搜索引擎不会对其计算PR值。例如:如果一个垃圾网站的站长在你的评论中加入了这样的连接 :<a href="http://www.example.com/",> 它会被转变成<a href="http://www.example.com/" rel="nofollow"> This is a nice site!</a>, 这样,在计算 PageRank 的时候就会被忽略了。
很多博客网站 (例如 blogger.com) 的缺省设置都是自动的将这个属性加给任何发布的评论上面。
如果需要更多的关于 "nofollow" 标签的信息, 请阅读如何阻止垃圾评论。
使用robot.txt或META标签阻止评论页面
使用robot.txt文件来屏蔽Google对相 关留言页面的访问,也是防范垃圾评论行为的有效方法之一。虽然这种方法不能阻止作弊者的恶意留言,但一旦对Google屏蔽这些恶意留言(特别是其中的恶意链 接)的访问,便可以消除其对网站的负面影响。举例而言,如果恶意留言出现在guestbook目录中,管理员可以在rotobs.txt中添加:
Disallow:/guestbook
这样Google就不会对guestbook及其下级目录中的内容进行索引。
类似的,管理员还可以利用META标签来屏蔽Google对指定页面的访问, 例如: http://www.example.com/article/comments 就可以这样做:
<html> <head> <meta name="googlebot" content="noindex"> ...
关于robots.txt的详细内容可以参阅我们的网站管理员支持中心 。
禁止超文本链接 (Hypertext)
如果你有进入服务器的权限, 你可以在上面改变相应的设置,过滤掉留言区里面的 HTML 标签。这样,作弊者虽然还是可以留言,不过他们就不能留下有效的超文本链接了。
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areone

=八面玲珑= 职务:观察员 积分:1739 贴数:1093
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日期: 2008-1-12 22:42:29
原文:
Comments are a great way for webmasters to build visitor communities. Unfortunately, as most people already know, comments are also commonly abused by spammers posting overwhelming numbers of links to their own websites. Some use scripts or other software to generate and post gibberish comments. At Google, we‘ve been working hard to counter the negative effects of this spam on our search results. Here are some tips for preventing comment spam on your blog or website:
Use comments only when they‘re necessary
Think twice before deciding to enable a guestbook or comments. If this feature is not really necessary or you will not be able to monitor the guestbook and comments regularly, consider disabling it. If you already have a guestbook, check to see if it‘s useful to visitors, and if they‘ve been visiting it. If not, consider ways to improve the comments/guestbook feature, or remove it. A lot of spam comments don‘t create a good impression. Most blogging software will let you turn comments off for individual posts.
Use anti-comment spam tool
Most website development tools, especially blog tools, have functionality that requires users to pass a check to make sure they‘re a real live human, not a nasty spamming engine. You‘ll have seen these: generally the user is presented with a distorted image or captcha and asked to type the letters or numbers she sees in the image. This is a pretty effective way of preventing comment spam. The process may reduce the number of casual readers who leave comments on your pages, but it will definitely improve the quality of the comments. Wordpress has a good introduction to plugins and anti-spam tools.
Turn on comment moderation
Comment moderation means that no comments will appear on your site until you manually review and approve them. This means you‘ll spend more time monitoring your comments, but it can really help to improve the user experience for your visitors. It‘s particularly worthwhile if you regularly post about controversial subjects, where emotions can become heated. It‘s generally available as a setting in your blogging software, under Comments.
Use "nofollow" Tags
Together with Yahoo! and MSN, Google introduced the "nofollow" attribute a few years ago, and the attribute has been widely accepted. Any link with the "nofollow" attribute will not be used to calculate PageRank. For example, if a spammer includes a link in your comments like this: <a href="http://www.example.com/">, it will get converted to <a href="http://www.example.com/" rel="nofollow"> This is a nice site! </a> and would not be taken into account when calculating PageRank.
By default, many blogging sites (such as Blogger) automatically add this attribute to any posted comments.
For more information about "nofollow" tags, check out "How to Stop Spam Comments".
Block comment pages using robots.txt or META tags
You can use your robots.txt file to block Google‘s access to certain pages. This won‘t stop spammers from leaving comments, but it will mean that links in these comments won‘t negatively impact your site. For example, if comments are stored in the subdirectory guestbook, you could add the following to your robots.txt:
Disallow:/guestbook
This will block Google from indexing the contents of guestbook and any subdirectories.
You can also use META tag to block access to a single selected page, for example http://www.example.com/article/comments. Like this:
<html> <head> <meta name="googlebot" content="noindex"> ...
For more information about robots.txt, check out our Help Center.
Disallow hyperlinks in comment
If you have access to the server, you may want to change its configuration to remove HTML tags inside your guestbook. Spammers will still be able to leave comments, but they won‘t be able to publish active hyperlinks. |